There are laws and regulations that your institution must comply with For example, within the European Union, strict rules apply to the export ofdual-use products and technology that have military applications in addition to civilian ones. Purely basic scientific research and technology in the public domain are excluded from export control. In case of doubt whether the export rules apply, you can call on competent existing services in our country (mainly regional).
International sanctions regimes are in place against countries, organisations and individuals. The overview can be found at www.sanctionsmap.eu(e.g. against North Korea and Iran); they form the basis for the enhanced supervision that applies to a limited number of subject areas.
There are several codes of conduct on research security. These are non-binding, but guiding. For example, there is the UNL research security framework (www.universiteitenvannederland.nl ) and there are the European Commission's EU guidelines on tackling R&I foreign interference . In the meantime, several countries have developed similar codes of conduct. These make it easier to have a conversation about RS with foreign partners.
